Monday 8 June 2015

Google Says See-Ya to College Term Paper Writing Companies

You know those term papers you can buy online to turn in for your school work? Well it seems that Google is now banning them from advertising on their website. Colleges, Universities and Educators have been completely upset with these firms and now Google is coming clean.
Google is not alone in turning off the purveyors of cheating, it appears that one of the top online article submission sites was able to see this coming and was once again on the leading edge of Internet Industry banning the same earlier in the year. In retrospect, I see the conflict this causes for some online companies, yet, I also see the tremendous problems our society.
The whole world faces challenges with cheaters, posers, fakers and really it is a little appalling. Whereas these maybe legitimate businesses selling research papers, it seems to me that they know the end use is someone will use them to cheat. These types of companies would be far better off to use their skills to help companies write PR level "white papers" as everyone knows when they read them what they are for and that they are more of a glorified brochure set of case studies in most cases.
These companies can still exist; they just should not be allowed to use the Internet to help people cheat. I think this is a good policy, I understand why you did this and why Google is and why the Educational System is fed up with these things. Is Google using censorship? No, they will still be listed in the search engines, but they will not be allowed to advertise there. It is a business move, pure and simple.

Online term paper
Essays Solution

Avoiding the Creative Crimes of the Century

Criminals are increasingly creative in the methods by which they steal your identity, your money, and your life. They are usually several steps ahead of the average consumer. With how many of the following "creative" schemes are you familiar: 

* "Dumpster-diving"
* "Mail theft"
* "Pharming"
* "Phishing"
* "Skimming"
* "Shoulder-surfing"

One of the positive things criminals have done, if I may say so, is add "creative" terms to our vocabulary. It always amazes me how intelligent and creative criminals can be! - Always one step ahead of their next victim, and ultimately, the law!
Whether they go after your mail, or go "dumpster-diving", or go "shoulder surfing", or "pharming", the end results are always the same: They become successful over another innocent victim!
Identity criminals are basically lazy people, in my opinion. Rather than getting a legitimate job, they would rather come up with "creative" schemes to part their victims from their personal information and their money.
One of the laziest ways they steal our identity, usually with our unwitting help, is through "Dumpster-diving". They simply sort through a person's trash for paper records such as credit card offers, bank statements, past paid bills, or anything that has your personal and financial information. Sometimes they can obtain a full profile of us from separate documents (such as church records, car repair reords, personal letters, medical reords, etc.) they find. And businesses as well as consumers fall victim to this one form of theft.
Mail theft is a low-tech method lazy criminals use to go after your personal and financial information. As with "dumpster- diving", it another easy way for criminals to get what they want with hardly any effort on their part, thanks to our unwitting help. For example, we leave a red falg on our mailbox to alert the mail carrier that there is out-going mail to be picked up. Or the mail carrier might do likewise to alert us to pick up our mail. Unfortunately, criminals love this because they tells them that the mailbox is ripe for the picking. A friend of mines calls this "The Low-Handing Fruit Scheme".
"Shoulder-surfing" is a low-tech, low-touch technique criminals use to get your information - and they boldly do so in public places usually right under our noses or over our shoulders. Typically they would watch or listen carefully as we key our credit card number or password into a keypad, or give the our account number over the telephone. And don't for a moment think that they have to be standing within earshot to steal your info. No!
Sophisticated shoulder surfers have been known to use bioculars, telescopes, or super-sensitive listening devices to steal your info from across the room or across the street. Sometimes they will record the sounds for accurate playback. Recording of the keypad sounds help them analyze those tones for replicated PIN numbers and passwords. Some criminals standing nearby may even use their camera-cellphone to record the numbers they see or take a picture over your shoulder.
"Pharming" comes in several version. I'll just discuss one here. Similar to "Phishing", "Pharming" is an electronic scam in which criminals attempt to steal personal and financial information from numerous people simultaneously through something known as "Domain Spooling". Here the hackers take over a DNS server and redirect user information to a new website that they use to gather illegal information.
"Phishing" also bears mentioning here. It is a scam in which you, the consumer, are tricked into entering your personal and financial information (account numbers, Social Scurity number, PIN number, password, etc.) via a bogus email and website form. The email looks as if it was sent from a company with whom most consumers may have an affiliation, such as AOL ®, PayPal ®, eBay ®, or a major bank or credit card company; but, in reality, are nothing more than identity thieves hiding behind the email.
"Skimming" is a another growing identity theft scam where criminals quickly and temporarily steal a credit card and run it through a credit card reader known as a skimmer that has been reprogrammed to steal information off the card. Often, this takes place at a hectic retail store where a consumer might not notice that their credit card has been taken from them for a few moments.

Creative Term paper
Academic Essays

Creative Writing Services Of A Ghostwriter

A ghostwriter is a writer who specializes in writing books, stories, articles, reports or other forms of texts. He gets paid for his work but the credit is given to another person. Common persons who hire the creative writing services of a ghostwriter are famous personalities, administrators and political leaders who wish to have their autobiographies, magazine articles, or other written material drafted or edited. Ghostwriters are also helpful in the field of music in which they are often used to compose film score as well as making up the lyrics of songs for various music styles.
The extent to which ghostwriters get involve in the production of a completed piece may vary. Other ghostwriters are simply hired to edit and polish a rough draft while in other instances, they do majority of the writing according to an outline presented by the credited author. Depending on the project, the creative writing services of a ghostwriter may involve a considerable amount of research, for instance when writing an autobiography for a celebrated person.
The creative writing services of a ghostwriter for hire may also include writing fiction similar to the style of an existing author. The purpose of this is often to increase the quantity of books that can be published by a famous author. The time it will take for a ghostwriter to finish researching, writing and editing a nonfiction work for a client could take a number of months to an entire year. They are commonly paid either with a fixed fee, per page or a percentage of the sales or a combination of any of these. There are some instances when the author would acknowledge the ghostwriter for his creative writing services.
Hiring a ghostwriter is also practical for a consultant or career - switcher. Having books written in their specialty area may help establish their expertise in their field. Politicians and public officials often use the services of correspondence officers to handle the overwhelming number of correspondence. Many papal encyclicals were also created with the help of ghostwriters.
In medical ghostwriting, pharmaceutical companies pay professional writers to create papers and pay other physicians or scientists to append their names to these before they get published in medical or scientific journals.

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Academic Essays

From Heroin to Anarchy - How the West Was Lost

After all, Mozart was a punk. Signed: Salieri. [1]
A few weeks ago, something very disturbing crossed my path: a commercial for butter with no other than John Lyndon [2], one of the most sacred icons of the punk movement. Now, is butter punk? Is being English, or eating English Country Butter punk? Does Rotten being chased by cows include a message of anarchy and filth? Has Rotten gone mainstream? Is he still rotten? When talking about punk nowadays, one might think of those dirty and violent kids who wear mohawks, leather and scream for anarchy, but is that the only truth? Does Lou Reed walk the same line with Sid Vicious? How come a band dressed in drag like New York Dolls had such an influence on the Sex Pistols? Why does Rotten loathe modern punks, and why did he make that commercial? What is punk anyway?
Some would argue that punk is synonym with brutality and it's best represented by the world-wide feared skinheads [3]. Others, on the other hand, would say that punk is everything that goes against the current. From this point of view, placing the term in an exact time frame (officially mid '70s - early '80s), would not be accurate: if punk is non-mainstream, then the idea transcends history and it could refer to anything and anybody from Adam and Eve to Elvis and beyond [4]. The term was consecrated in 1975, when Legs McNeil and John Holmstrom create the Punk magazine. It was a perfect word to describe a generation of outlaws.
Punk was born in the United States as a reaction to the bubble-gum pop culture which flourished in the post-war era. The society that a few decades earlier fashioned the roaring '20s, was going through a moral revival with pink glasses. Women were supposed to go back in their household universe, sex was again taboo [5], and communism was the pharmakos and had to be eradicated at all costs (see the war politics lead by the U.S.A. in Asia during the second half of the 20th Century). But, something happened in the fifties: there was a new enemy who threatened to take away the souls of the youth, now that the Cold War became a routine - rock 'n' roll.
Again, as it happened in various moments of the 20th Century, black music was pushing harder and harder from the social periphery. Even if some voices saw the devil in Elvis' eyes, America had another weapon against revolt: popularity. Black music had become white, innuendos were erased as to be able to appeal to all citizens. It was time for the bubble-gum balloon to pop. Enter The Velvet Underground [6], Patti Smith, Television, New York Dolls [7], Patti Smith8, The Stooges, Iggy Pop and David Bowie [9], etc., a.k.a., the so called proto-punks.
In the '60s, along with the increasing number of amateur garage-punk bands [10], there were the artists, or at least the Arts students. It's no secret that the proto-punks were underground culturally enlightened creatures: from Patti Smith's poetry, to the inclusion of the Velvet Underground in Andy Warhol's factor, with Iggy Pop acknowledging Harry Partch as a major influence to his music, with proto-punks like Patti Smith (and Warhol!) pushing poet Jim Carroll's career forward (after previously being discovered by Jack Kerouac) to the publishing of The Basketball Diaries [11], and with names such as Pere Ubu [12] or Tom Verlaine [14]. Now it was the time for the Second Act, on the other side of the Ocean.
The crossing was made by Malcolm McLaren (Vivienne Westwood's - former - husband and business partner, the original punk-mainstream-fashion trend-setters). After a not so successful proposal to manage Richard Hell and make him famous in England, McLaren, created one of the best selling brands of all times: the Sex Pistols and their loud call which was transplanted into the whole blank generation [14]: no future, screaming for action and change [15].
Nowadays, Anarchy in the UK and God Save The Queen are synonymous with punk. Even though they were preceded by such crucial bands as The Ramones with their loud, violent and quick tempered music, lyrics and looks or MC5 with their famous line Kick out the jams, motherfuckers line, the Pistols and their effect in music, behaviour, politics, arts, literature or life in general, became what is nowadays seen and understood as punk.
From there, punk reached the surface audience, and acts like The Clash, The Damned or, later, The Misfits [16] were possible. Punk entered the mainstream, there was no way back. Through the years, punk gave birth to eclectic, sometimes bizarre hybrids, such as Psychedelic punk (Ween, Butthole Surfers), Country punk (Violent Femmes), Celtic punk (Dropkick Murphys, The Real McKenzies, Flogging Molly), Gipsy punk (Gogol Bordello [17]), Horror punk (The Misfits), Hardcore punk (Husker Dü), etc. The latest deconstructivist pure punk musical and social movement was grunge in the late '80s, up towards the end of the '90s. The movement was started by Nirvana and its front man, Kurt Cobain and it popularized the quiet-loud (whisper-scream) style introduced obscurely in the underground by the Pixies [18], regurgitating all the anger and frustration of the no future youth into the nevermind attitude. This pessimistic conception of life [19] and the realisation that no future wasn't only a threat, but a reality, and has been dominant since more or less the transformation of punk into hardcore and subsequently into such genres as death metal, goth, or the youngest son, emo.
As a style, what we nowadays consider punk, has different origins and it is in itself a melting pot for cultures and subsequently, for musical genres. In the case of the punk movement in England, this blend is much more complex, because it adds elements that were not popular in the US, but were significant ingredients of the British Identity. Obviously, when adding discordant elements, the resulting mix is quite unstable, as Dick Hebdige concludes:
[...] all these elements constantly threatened to separate and return to their original sources. Glam rock contributed narcissism, nihilism and gender confusion. American punk offered a minimalistic aesthetic (e.g. the Ramones' 'Pinhead' or Crime's 'I Stupid'), the cult of the Street and a penchant for self-laceration. Northern Soul (a genuinely secret sub-culture of working-class youngsters dedicated t acrobatic dancing and fast American soul of the 60s, which centres on clubs like Wigan Casino) brought its subterranean tradition of fast, jerky rhythms, solo dances styles and amphetamines; reggae its exotic and dangerous aura of forbidden identity, its conscience, its dread and its cool. Native rhythm 'n blues reinforced the brashness and the speed of Northern Soul, took rock back to the basics and contributed a highly developed iconoclasm, a thoroughly British persona and an extremely selective appropriation of the rock 'n roll heritage (25-6)
Regarding the connection with 'black' music, there is one important detail that must be stated: the musicians were white, but they sang black(ish) music. Even though, Richard Hell stated that "punks are niggers" (Hebdige, 62) and they fraternized with 'the other', but only at a superficial level, and the relationship was by no means reciprocal. Dick Hebdige sees this issue as a "punk aesthetic" which "can be read in part as a white 'translation' of black 'ethnicity'" (64), which of course, is quite a paradox thinking of what punk has become nowadays and noting the obvious contradictions that would come out due to this combination:
These contradictions were literally re-presented in the form of punk's association with reggae. At one level, the punks openly acknowledged the significance of contact and exchange, and on occasion even elevate the cultural connection into a political commitment. Punk groups for instance, figured prominently in the Rock against Racism campaign set up to combat the growing influence of the National Front in the working class areas. But at another, deeper level, the association seems to have been repressed, displaced on the part of the punks into the construction of a music which was emphatically white and even more emphatically British. (66)
That is, punk is white, and more than that, it is British. Even though it was born in America, it has returned to its birthplace years later, as another British Invasion. This yoyo movement is one of the most notable symptoms of post-colonialism, the appropriation of values and elements into the main cultural computer. In the same way blues was stolen from the blacks and has reached the mainstream white public through white voices: The Tokens took "Mbube" from the Mahotella Queens and turned into "The Lion Sleeps Tonight", Elvis stole "Hound Dog" from Big Mama Thornton, Jimmy Page and Robert Plant took a lot of ideas [20] from Robert Johnson [21], including the "Lemon Song". Indeed, rock 'n' roll would not be rock 'n' roll without the (Delta) Blues.
The intention of the early punks - so to say - was to bring (rock) music back to its roots: early rock 'n' roll mostly. Suddenly, minimalism was the key. Music (and art in general) was to be taken down to its atoms. Obviously, following the trends of the time, the words in order were purification and regeneration. As a lifestyle and cultural trend, punk is seen as one of the variables that were given the possibility to exist due to Surrealism and Dada. One of the common key elements, that persisted through the years, to be still found in punk, is the technique of the collage (see the Pistols' God Save The Queen cover), and according to Hebdige, "dream work, collage, 'ready mades', etc - are certainly relevant here" because they are "classic modes of 'anarchic' discourse" (105). Punk also borrowed the DIY [22] culture inherited, paradoxically, from the hippies (another reactionary group!), but added violence and defiance to it. Dick Hebdige, in his study Subculture: The Meaning of Style, gives on of the first intellectualised accounts of the punk movement:
Although it was often directly offensive (T-shirts covered in swear words) and threatening (terrorist/guerrilla outfits) punk style was defined principally through the violence of its 'cut ups'. Like Duchamp's 'ready mades' / manufactured objects which qualified as art because he chose to call them such, the most unremarkable and inappropriate items - a pin, a plastic clothes peg, a television component, a razor blade, a tampon - could be brought within the province of punk (un)fashion. Anything with or without reason could be turned into part of what Vivien Westwood called 'confrontation dressing' so long as the rupture between 'natural' and constructed context was clearly visible (i.e. the rule would seem to be: if the cap doesn't fit, wear it). (106-7) [23]
Punk as understood generally nowadays is a scream. Punk is meant as a cold social shower. It's a shock treatment that is meant to be quick and violent. Punk songs are usually under 2 minutes and express this will to let out one's anger. While the hippie/psychedelic solution has proven not to be viable to the requirements of the cultural context of the time, being, maybe too soft, or too slow, a new method was needed. It had to reach its target quickly and without delay. As an official current, punk didn't even last a whole half-decade, but its influence has not decreased through the years, even nowadays we can still feel it as strong (or even stronger) than when it was born. But how much of this violence (be it of language or expression) was real? How much was connected to the representation of the group?
The post-imperialist argument of punk's back and forward motion from one land to another is most vivid, especially concerning the place it came from: America, a former colony, which had gained its independence from the mainland and was a power in its own right. But, how come an elitist artistic movement was transformed into the proletariat's struggle for a reform? Here lies the catch: proto-punk had the sort of cultural snobbism that can be found in newly culturalized environments. That is, it recently [24] gained a cultural identity; it needed to show that there is potential for greatness. The hippies have already claimed the fight against the war and social problems (in a peaceful and violent manner), rock 'n' rollers have unleashed the sexual revolution, so the underground didn't have a tangible enemy, so it took on the conservative post-pilgrim society of the US.
On the other hand, in England, this urge was somewhat obsolete and unneeded. The youth was not interested in proving itself, it wanted change. The issue was no longer shocking or controversy, there was the urgency that characterized '70s Great Britain: poverty and unemployment were realities. Somebody had to shout out and demand a solution. Suddenly conservative forces censoring free speech were not relevant any more. The idea was if they would not let them in through the door, nor would they through the window, why bother? Blowing up the whole house, then rebuilding it was a much better solution. Plus, even though the youth was well read [25], but was fed up with culture, it needed Raw Power! The US movement was not meant to be political, it was more of an artistic statement, whereas British punk is anything but artistic [26]. Of course, it did have its own aesthetics, but it was more of a consequence, than a goal in itself. That is the punk movement's version that was consecrated into the annals of history and was spread all over the Globe.
For sure, the punks believed what they sold. Some of them actually were what they sold (see the case of Sid Vicious), some recovered and returned to the - so called - normal (David Bowie). Nowadays being a punk requires following certain rules, from behaviour to clothing. It is that the punk is represented as the stereotypical image of a former minority that gained ground due to the radical and conformist (!) message it sent. Punk is no longer surrealist, it was no longer pour les fleurs de coucou, it is no longer the current that permits you to be whatever you want, however you want, but it's the culture of misunderstood, often violent teenagers. It has climbed down to the darkness of the absurd and depression. A violent depression, that is...
Works Cited 
Butler, Christopher. Postmodernism. A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2002
Big, Ioan. Era punk. Bucharest: Editrex, 2003
Rohmann, Chris. The Dictionary of Important Ideas and Thinkers. London: Arrow Books. 2002
Hebdige, Dick. Subculture, The Meaning of Style. New York: Routledge, 2007
Endnotes:
1. See Big, 14
2. aka. Johnny Rotten, lead singer of Sex Pistols
3. Skinheads have come to be viewed as right-winged terrorists, but that depiction could not be more misleading! What is generally known nowadays as skinheads, is a small fraction of the group, a minority that has nothing to do with the ideology in question. Skinheads are, in fact, English workers, with very short hair (to avoid being infected with lice and other insects), who would go to the pub and listen to punk music. They were not violent (well, not more than normal), they were not racist (punk rock is known as to be inspired and/or co-dependent with Rastafarian culture, as I will state later in the paper), nor "male chauvinistic pigs" (punk was one of the most gender open movements of the 20th Century - from all points of view!), and certainly not terrorist.
4. NB: This happens as long as the movement/person is not generally acknowledged and it remains at a subculture level. When it becomes popular, it is no longer punk. Though, ironically, punk itself is nowadays' mainstream.
5. Which is quite hypocritical, coming from the country who has an obelisk as one of its national monuments....
6. Very influential band in the US underground and not only, and introduced Lou Reed and John Cale to the music business. The band was famous for approaching controversial themes such as sexual promiscuity, drug consumption or violence. VU remained virtually unknown until they were discovered by Andy Warhol. He added the second female member to the band, German actress and singer, Nico (together with drummer Maureen Tucker) and reinvented the band for a wider (and commercial) success. VU is considered one of the most important acts of the decade, and journalists such as Lester Bangs appreciated their status in the modern music history: modern music starts with VU. Lou Reed is seen as the incontestable father of the punk movement. (see Big, 105-19)
7. Unknown to most music fans, and anonymous to the day, the NY Dolls have made their mark in history. They were partially devoted to the Glam scene (they would dress in a way that was more characteristic to a drag queen, than to a punk), they would sing about sex, taking further VU has started earlier in the decade. They formed a working relationship with Malcolm McLaren (in music and fashion).They have only released two LPs, but their influence has been great: Steve Jones, the Pistols' guitarist would imitate Johnny Thunders onstage. (see Big, 120-4)
8. Named the Godmother of punk, a singer, poetess, the first woman to transcend gender roles in pop music and make herself respected as an artist, not as merely a woman (opposed to Debbie Harry, another important punk female singer, who chose to exploit her femininity, rather than her intellectual abilities).
9. Iggy Pop, initially lead singer of the Stooges, afterwards a remarkable solo artist, is one of the first images of violence in punk. He was the first to cut himself on stage. He sang about bold things, taboo at the time, and songs like Gimme Danger or I Wanna Be Your Dog are perfect witnesses of this. Iggy was brought up musically in the protective shadow of Andy Warhol. John Cale would produce his first album, while Nico would be his mistress for a while. His relationship (some say it was more than professional) with David Bowie is more than just a friendship: Bowie would revive his career and name Ziggy Stardust, the bisexual alien, in his honour. Even though their careers will take different paths (nowadays Bowie prefers to close his eyes on his punk past), their legacy is as present as in the past, and is depicted (as an allusion only, due to Bowie threatening to take legal action) in the movie Velvet Goldmine, ironically named after a David Bowie song. (see Big, 125-30)

10. Not to mix with garage bands from the eighties on. These garage-punk bands were mainly inspired by the British Invasion style R&B (The Animals, The Kinks, The Rolling Stones, The Who, etc.) and, later, by "high" and/or "smoking" music brought by Hendrix, The Doors and so on, had no technical background, but were characterized by their honesty, raw power (there is actually an Iggy Pop song called Raw Power, with an obvious punk message, also existing in other Stooges and solo songs, such as Search and Destroy) and passion. The most notable names would be The 13th Elevators or Nuggets. (see Big, 22-23) 
11. Carroll actually recorded Velvet's last concert in august 23 (!) 1970, along with the orders made to then waitress Debbie Harry (future lead singer of Blondie). Carroll also participated in poetry reading sessions, "Did-A-Poem", along with Lou Reed, Patti Smith,... Charles Bukowski and William S. Burroughs. Furthermore, he writes songs with Allen Lanier (Blue Öyster Cult), notably the Catholic Boy LP. (see Big, 50) 
12. Art-Punk band formed in 1975, active for more than 20 years as one of the most important groups in the US punk underground. 
13. Tom Verlaine (aka. Tom Miller), along with Richard 'Hell' Meyers, created the group Television, one of the royalties of (proto-)punk in 1973. Hell will later leave the band due to irreconcilable differences with Verlaine, to form The Voidoids (see Big, 131-5). 
14. From Richard Hell and the Voidoids' LP, Blank Generation. 
15. God save the Queen/The Fascist regime/It made you a moron/Potential h-bomb 
16. The Misfits created the horror punk genre, which subsequently lead to hardcore punk, and later to hardcore, metal (blending heavy-metal with hardcore lead to violent, manly genres, such as death metal). Without them, acts like Marilyn Manson would have not been possible. 
17. The band is technically part of the no-wave movement, alongside with Sonic Youth and the Yeah Yeah Yeahs. 
18. One of the most influential punk bands of the '80s, even though rather unknown to the wide audience of today. It has been an inspiration to all later punk and/or alternative bands, such as Nirvana. Due to conflicts between Jeff Black (singer) and Kim Wilde (bass), Pixies disbanded, only to be reunited in 2000s. 
19. Realizing that there IS no future and that fame IS real and touchable, killed Cobain in the end. Not more than 30 years earlier, Sid Vicious would die in a drug overdose, destroyed by his career as a Pistol (again, fame) and his drug addict (see also Courtney Love) girlfriend's death. It can be said that these two -real- punks are misunderstood, broken souls that were hurt by the society and that are fighting back through course language and vile acts onstage, but nevertheless would return to their sensitivity offstage. 
20. Not to say that they totally plagiarized and adapted his music to modern rock 'n' roll standards, but they were pretty close, and also used other inspiration sources, like Howlin' Woolf for example. 
21. Robert Johnson is one of the early 20th century Delta Blues legends. He was one of the best guitar players that Blues has ever seen and influenced many a guitar legends such as Page, Clapton, his influence range going from pop to heavy metal. Also, he might just be the one who started the Faustian trend for artists to sell their souls to the devil in order to become legends. He has allegedly sold his soul at the crossroads, and in a few months' time he became the greatest blues guitarist the world has ever seen. Of course, white rock 'n' rollers have taken this to the extreme, namely following Alistair Crowley, the renown occultist, never thinking about that devil actually not being Satan, but some sort of an African religion daemon. The Beatles included Crowley on their Sgt. Pepper Cover, Plant bought his Loch Ness mansion, Ozzy Osbourne wrote a song about him... 
22. Do it yourself. 
23. The connection between (pop) art, music and fashion is very strong, not only in the case of punk. 
24. Comparing a couple of centuries to a couple of millennia would not need an extra explanation to make a point... 
25. Johnny Rotten, for example, is obsessed with A Clockwork Orange the movie (and probably the book as well). A Clockwork... has become the punk manifesto for a whole generation, and often cites literary names and pieces in interviews. 
26. As understood by the mainstream.

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Essays Solution

Take Charge of Your Research Paper - Tips for Formulating an Effective Research Question

Every graduate student or researcher aims to study an interesting topic, contribute to existing research in the field, and get published in an international English-language journal. However, not many authors achieve publication success. Manuscripts are often rejected by journals because of ineffective presentation or poor writing. A poorly formulated or insufficiently defined research question could also lead to journal rejection.
It is common for an author to send his paper to a editing service provider for language/structural polishing. There are several research-paper editing services available and online research editing is seen as an affordable and viable option by authors. However, even before sending your research paper for editing, you have to write it. And before writing your research paper, you must conduct an in-depth study of the topic of your choice. Thus, it is imperative to choose the right research question to ensure that you are able to develop an effective study design and analyze your data to arrive at a clear conclusion.
Here are some tips to help you choose the right question for your research:
The "so what?" test
As yourself these questions about the topic you have short listed:
• What are the possible outcomes of your research? Could they be useful, interesting, and meaningful?
• Is it of consequence to your intended reader?
• Do the outcomes change/add to existing knowledge about the field?
• Do they provide insights to policymakers?
• Will the study guide other researchers?
If your research question clears the "so what?" test, you should definitely consider exploring it further.
What's new?
Journal editors often reject manuscripts that are not novel. Your question for research should not be repetitive nor should it have an obvious answer. Ensure that your research will:
• result in new information or add to further lines of research in your field
• corroborate existing knowledge or generalize it further
• establish findings that negate existing knowledge, or
• critically review existing literature.
You can also arrive at a question by revisiting existing concepts or theories in a new light.
Replication is acceptable if it adds value
It is possible for a research to focus on a topic that has already been researched and examine the findings from a different perspective, for example, on a different sample. If your research question validates the findings of a previous study or helps overcome its limitations, it is most likely a strong question that will be meet journal requirements.
Read and review
Staying abreast of the latest developments in your field as well as reviewing existing literature is critical to ensuring that you are able to identify strong potential lines of research or gaps in existing literature. This will also help you avoid choosing a repetitive research topic.
Attend conferences
Academic conferences have great potential not only as a networking platform but also as a rich source of information about the latest advancements in your field before they are published. You can also use the networking opportunities at conferences to exchange ideas with active researchers to help formulate questions that are more likely to receive funding approval.
Follow a framework
Researchers can also access to frameworks that have been specifically developed to aid them in formulating effective questions for your research. Using templates offered by frameworks such as PICOT, PESICO, and FINER you can devise a well-planned research strategy.
Seek advice
Having a good mentor who is available to guide you through the process of choosing a research question is also helpful. The role of a mentor can be played by a senior colleague, a statistician, a professor, or someone who has considerable experience conducting and publishing research.
Conclusion
A question is the most critical aspect of a research paper because it lays the foundation for what is to follow. An effective research question will ensure that the researcher is able to conduct a well-planned study and write a structured, effective manuscript that will make a great first impression on journal editors and reviewers.

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Should You Supply Your Own Paper to Your Magazine Printer?

This is a question that has surfaced numerous times over the course of my career. Honestly, I always have hated to hear it because I knew that the publisher asking it would be skeptical about my answer. I think its pretty safe to say that most everyone knows that printers make money when they supply paper to their customers. The amount varies by printer as some view paper as a source of additional profits and others just want to cover their associated costs of acquisition and handling. Does it matter how much a printer is making on the paper that they are supplying to you? No!, it shouldn't; but that is only provided that their prices are market competitive AND you are getting what you are paying for. The big AND is because I have worked with a magazine publisher recently where the paper they were actually getting was at least 2 grades lower than what they were paying for. They had no idea until I brought it to their attention and it had been going on for quite some time. To make matters worse, they were overpaying by something like $10.00/cwt (assuming they were getting the grade that they were paying for, which they weren't).
Anyway, as a result of this fiasco, this publisher asked me my thoughts about buying their own paper. Again, I have been asked this questions numerous times over the course of my career, mostly during very soft markets when paper merchants are out actively trying to get rid of excess paper. Regardless of whether this question was asked 20 years ago or is being asked today, my answer remains the same:
If you are a small trade and special interest magazine publisher with 1-5 titles (and without knowing your specific circumstances) the general answer would be no, you should not. The following is my support for this answer:
A consumer of paper has 3 potential options for buying paper - a) through the printer b) from a paper broker or c) mill direct. In the case of most trade and special interest magazine publishers, you are going to be too small to buy mill direct so I will not include the pros and cons of that option. So lets check out the other two:
Printer Supplied Paper
First, there is really only one perceived "con" to buying your paper through your printer and that is that in most cases you are paying a mark-up. Again, the percentage varies from printer-to-printer. Now, this gets somewhat complicated because, although you might be paying a mark-up, it doesn't necessarily mean that you are paying more for your paper. Its like anything else, it just depends on what you are comparing it too! Just don't assume that if there is a mark-up being applied that you are overpaying. The bottom-line on pricing is that you have to compare the quoted price to something of similar specs to make a determination on a fair price.
Let's look at what you are getting for the mark-up that is applied to paper supplied by your printer because, I am telling you, in the end, it's worth every penny!
1) Administration. Believe me, administration is a hassle. Remember, when you supply your own paper it is your responsibility to make sure that there is enough paper on the floor to complete your job. This requires coordination between you, your printer and your broker. It may seem simple enough however it is time that most don't have these days. And it's equally critical that you manage your inventory so that you do not have too much paper sitting on the floor costing you money when it's not being used. When your printer supplies your paper, this becomes their problem and they know how to manage it effectively!
2) Flexibility. As a magazine publisher the chances are that you don't make many major last minute changes in page count or quantities. But, if you do, will your broker be ready and able to respond? And, if they can, at what cost? Again, printer supplied paper make this their problem, not yours.
3) Quality. Buying paper through your printer guarantees quality. In a soft paper market, brokers are typically able to supply high quality, A-grade paper because it is readily available. However, when a market tightens, many times what brokers have available to them are "seconds" or mill/printer rejected paper. I recall an incident when a publisher supplied their own paper to our printing company and we found that it had been paper that we had previously received directly from the mill and had rejected it for quality reasons. The bottom-line - it didn't run! The cost to the publisher, for this one problem, was far more than the planned combined annual savings that would have been realized by supplying their paper to us. We worked to provide some relief to this customer but they immediately went back to "printer supplied" paper.
4) Availability. Again, when the market is soft, availability is generally not an issue. However, when the market tightens up quickly, it can suddenly become one. Again, I had a customer who insisted on supplying his/her own paper. There came an issue, for reasons that I do not recall, where they were suddenly unable to get their paper to us in time. As a result, they were pleading with us to help them out and find them the paper that they required. The problem was that we simply didn't have it to give them. We were ultimately able to find them the paper that they needed however it came at a cost so great that it far surpassed the combined annual savings that they had planned to realize by supplying their paper to us.
5) Carrying Costs. When you buy paper from a broker, you will typically have 30 days from the time of delivery to make payment (although there are some brokers who will bill upon use rather than delivery). With printer supplied paper you will have typically have 30 days (or whatever your credits terms might be) following shipping of the magazine to pay your print bill, which includes paper. Obviously, if you are not working with a broker who will bill upon usage rather than delivery, this ties up your money prematurely.
6) Printer Handling Fees. Almost all printers charge a handling fee to customers who supply their own paper. This fee can range anywhere from $.75/CWT to as high as $2.00/cwt. Regardless of which end of this range you consider, the percentage the number represents of your overall savings per CWT for buying through a broker is significant. Printers who want to discourage customer supplied paper will be at the higher end of the spectrum while printers who do not mind customer supplied paper will be at the lower end.
This brings up another point worth mentioning:
There are some smaller printers who simply do not have the volume to purchase paper cost effectively and efficiently as they are required to purchase paper from brokers rather than mill direct. I worked for a printer in my past that just could not guarantee my client that their paper would be consistently of the same mill, brand and quality unless the customer used a weight and grade of paper that they (the printer) specified. These types of printers (typically not magazine specific printers) have no problem with their clients supplying their own paper. It is extremely important that you work with a printer who can, and will, get you the paper that YOU want rather than what they can get. Again, if you have to supply your own paper because your printer cannot get you what you want/need, then you are with the wrong printer.
Broker/Merchant Supplied Paper
Unfortunately there are few advantages for a small trade and special interest magazine publisher, in my opinion, to buying paper from a broker/merchant. There can be a price advantage under some circumstances however, again, do not simply assume this.
In all honesty, I just have never been a fan of smaller publishers buying their own paper. While there can be some minor savings to be realized, the risks involved are far to great. I have seen too many publishers experience disasters and the associated costs have been almost deadly to their businesses.
Do your homework! Speak with someone who knows both sides of the equation. Retain the services of a professional who can provide you with unbiased advice.
There are some unique ways in which it's possible to realize the best of both worlds. Again, the services of a professional consultant who knows magazines and who knows magazines as related to paper, print and distribution can provide you with an overall picture and ensure that you are getting the best deal available and are producing and distributing your publication as efficiently and cost-effectively as possible.

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Graph Paper Printable - Things to Consider

When planning to use a graph paper printable, it is little use to select your template thoughtlessly. If you don't bring into consideration the data you are trying to log, and the specifications of the paper you need, it might mean that the paper you print won't be fit for the purpose you had in mind. So, as you warm up the computer and prepare to search for printable online graph paper, what are the things you should be bearing in mind?
First of all, it can be important to consider any axes which you might need to supplement the graph you are printing off. Printable graph paper with x and y axis is not difficult to come by, particularly if you are searching in the right places. Without the need for software, you may be able to tell the computer the numerical range that you need each respective axis to have. Typically, you should find that the default range of each axis is from -10 to 10, particularly if you are producing a graph for mathematical purposes. Placing numbers or other measurements along your axis can save you the time it would have taken to write them by hand.
If you wish, you can also type in the name of each axis, meaning that the names of your two respective variables will print out along with the grid paper. Just like pre-arranging other labels on your graph, finding a website which allows you to do this could be a real time-saver, meaning you can spend time collating the data and creating the graph: the task that deserves your time and deserves to be done correctly.
So what are the other things you should think about, in addition to a printable graph paper axis? Well, you should always make sure that the templates you are using are completely relevant to the industry you specialize in. By looking around on search engines such as Google, you should be able to find sector-specific graphing paper: especially if it is a style which is commonly required in your line of work. Printable engineering graph paper is one such example, stopping you from trawling around niche shops with the hope of finding a pad you need.
Should you be a real graph-lover, it is likely you will know the terms used to describe the graphing paper you require. Some of the names given to these templates include Cartesian paper - which is one of the simplest and most popular types of graphing paper used around the world. Another alternative is coordinate paper, one of the most prominent and easy ways to draw coordinates down on paper. Regardless of your reasoning for needing some sheets, you can get them easily: no matter how urgent the situation.
As long as you aren't confronted with free services that are limited trials, encouraging you to buy full-fledged software programs, the benefits which you can gain from a graph paper printable are many. See for yourself!

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